It was not easy to find this indicator because I did not find it on the Eurosystem portal.

But it can be extracted from the ECB's balance sheet.

To find it, you need to add up the currency in circulation and the ECB’s liability to euro area credit institutions related to MPOs( monetary policy operations).

So I have done it.

Figure 1.

This helps us calculate the speed of the p ... Читать дальше »